Description

Dynorphin (1-12) is a bioactive peptide fragment derived from the larger dynorphin A precursor, specifically encompassing the first twelve amino acids. This compound is of significant interest in neuroscience and pharmaceutical research due to its role as a potent endogenous opioid peptide ligand, primarily interacting with κ-opioid receptors. It is essential for researchers and developers in the fields of neuropharmacology, pain management research, and the development of novel central nervous system (CNS) therapeutics. The peptide's specific sequence allows for the study of receptor binding, signal transduction pathways, and the physiological effects of opioid modulation.

Application

• Neuroscience Research: Used as a standard or tool compound for studying κ-opioid receptor (KOR) activation, signaling, and downstream effects in neuronal cells and tissues.
• Pharmacological Assays: Serves as a reference agonist in competitive binding assays, functional cellular assays (e.g., cAMP inhibition, β-arrestin recruitment), and receptor selectivity studies.
• Pain Mechanism Studies: Applied in preclinical research to investigate the role of endogenous dynorphins in pain perception, stress responses, and mood regulation.
• Drug Discovery & Development: Acts as a starting point or comparator for the design and screening of novel synthetic opioid or non-opioid analgesics with improved efficacy and safety profiles.
• Biochemical Standard: Utilized in mass spectrometry, chromatography (HPLC), and electrophoresis as a calibration standard for peptide quantification and purity analysis.
• Academic & Institutional Research: Supports fundamental research in universities and institutes focused on neuropeptides, addiction science, and behavioral pharmacology.

Basic Information

Item	Details
Product Name	Dynorphin (1-12)
CAS No.	79985-35-6
Molecular Formula	C68H103N19O16
Molecular Weight	1430.66 g/mol
Synonyms	Dynorphin A (1-12); Dynorphin A 1-12; Dynorphin-12; Tyr-Gly-Gly-Phe-Leu-Arg-Arg-Ile-Arg-Pro-Lys-Leu; [Leu5, Arg6, Arg7, Ile8, Arg9, Pro10, Lys11, Leu12]-Dynorphin A (1-12); H-Tyr-Gly-Gly-Phe-Leu-Arg-Arg-Ile-Arg-Pro-Lys-Leu-OH
EINECS	Contact for details

Quality Control

Our Dynorphin (1-12) is produced under strict quality management protocols to ensure batch-to-batch consistency and high purity, suitable for sensitive research applications. Each lot undergoes comprehensive analytical testing, including HPLC for purity determination and mass spectrometry (MS) for identity confirmation. A detailed Certificate of Analysis (COA) providing full specifications and test results is available upon request to support your quality assurance and regulatory documentation needs.

Storage

Preserve in a tightly closed container, protected from light. Store at -20°C or below in a dedicated freezer. This product is hygroscopic (moisture-sensitive). For long-term storage, consider desiccant and under an inert atmosphere. Allow the vial to equilibrate to room temperature before opening to minimize moisture condensation.

Specification

Item	Specification
Appearance	White to off-white powder
Identification (HPLC & MS)	Conforms to reference standard
Purity (HPLC)	≥ 95%
Peptide Content	≥ 80% (by weight)
Water Content (KF)	≤ 5.0%
Solubility	Soluble in water, acetic acid, DMSO

Note: Specifications can be tailored. Please contact us for the detailed technical data sheet of a specific grade.