Description

Diphthamide CAS NO 75645-22-6 is a unique, post-translationally modified histidine residue found exclusively within eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2 (eEF2). This compound is of significant interest in biochemical and pharmacological research due to its critical role as the specific target for diphtheria toxin and related ADP-ribosyltransferases. Its study is essential for understanding protein synthesis regulation, toxin mechanisms, and potential therapeutic pathways. Researchers in molecular biology, toxicology, and drug discovery require high-purity diphthamide for advanced studies.

Application

• Biochemical Research: Fundamental studies on the structure, biosynthesis, and function of the diphthamide modification in eukaryotic cells.
• Toxinology: Investigation of the precise molecular mechanism of diphtheria toxin and Pseudomonas exotoxin A, which target and ADP-ribosylate diphthamide.
• Enzymology Studies: Used as a specific substrate for characterizing ADP-ribosyltransferase activity and enzyme kinetics.
• Drug Discovery & Development: Screening for inhibitors of the diphthamide biosynthesis pathway or toxin binding, exploring novel antibacterial and anticancer strategies.
• Cell Biology & Genetics: Research into cellular processes involving eEF2, including protein synthesis, cell cycle regulation, and responses to cellular stress.
• Reference Standard: Serves as a critical analytical standard in HPLC, MS, or NMR for quantifying diphthamide in biological samples.

Basic Information

Product Name	Diphthamide
CAS No.	75645-22-6
Molecular Formula	C15H23N5O5
Molecular Weight	353.38 g/mol
Synonyms	2-[3-Carbamoyl-3-(trimethylammonio)propyl]-L-histidine; Diphthine; (S)-2-Amino-3-(1-(3-carbamoyl-3-(trimethylammonio)propyl)-1H-imidazol-5-yl)propanoate; eEF2 Diphthamide Residue; ADP-ribosylation site of eEF2; Histidine derivative, diphthamide; Target of diphtheria toxin
EINECS	Contact for details

Quality Control

Our Diphthamide is produced and handled under strict quality protocols to ensure the integrity required for sensitive research applications. Each batch undergoes comprehensive analytical characterization, including HPLC for purity and mass spectrometry (MS) for identity confirmation. We provide a detailed Certificate of Analysis (COA) with each shipment, documenting batch-specific results. Our quality system supports research compliance, and custom purity grades or analytical packages are available upon request.

Storage

Preserve in a tightly closed container, protected from light. Store at -20°C or below in a dry environment. Due to its hygroscopic (moisture-sensitive) nature, containers should be allowed to equilibrate to room temperature before opening to minimize condensation and moisture uptake. For long-term storage, consider desiccant or under an inert atmosphere.

Specification

Item	Specification
Appearance	White to off-white solid
Identification (HPLC/MS)	Conforms to reference standard
Purity (HPLC)	≥ 95% (Research Grade)
Water Content (KF)	≤ 2.0 %
Residual Solvents (GC)	Meets ICH guidelines

Note: Specifications can be tailored. Please contact us for the detailed technical data sheet of a specific grade.