Description

Grayanotoxin Ii is a potent diterpenoid neurotoxin, a key bioactive component found in plants of the Ericaceae family, such as rhododendrons and azaleas. This high-purity reference standard is critical for analytical research, toxicology studies, and the development of detection methods for plant-derived toxins. It is primarily utilized by researchers and quality control laboratories in the pharmaceutical, botanical extract, and food safety industries who require definitive compound identification and quantitative analysis.

Application

• Pharmaceutical Reference Standard: Used as a certified standard for the identification, assay, and impurity profiling of botanical drug substances and preparations in compliance with pharmacopeial guidelines.
• Toxicological Research: Serves as a key reagent in studies investigating the mechanism of action, metabolism, and toxicokinetics of grayanotoxins.
• Food Safety Testing: Employed as an analytical standard in methods to detect and quantify grayanotoxin contamination in honey (mad honey) and other food products.
• Biochemical Research: Utilized in electrophysiology and pharmacology studies to modulate sodium channels in cell membranes for neurological research.
• Quality Control for Botanical Extracts: Acts as a marker compound for the standardization and authentication of rhododendron and related plant extracts in the nutraceutical industry.
• Forensic Analysis: Applied as a reference material in forensic laboratories for the confirmation of grayanotoxin poisoning in casework.

Basic Information

Product Name	Grayanotoxin Ii
CAS No.	4678-44-8
Molecular Formula	C22H36O7
Molecular Weight	412.52 g/mol
Synonyms	Grayanotoxin II; Grayanotoxin-2; Acetylandromedol; Andromedotoxin Acetate; Rhodotoxin; Asebotoxin; 3β,6β,14-Trihydroxy-5β-grayanotoxan-10(20)-ene 6-acetate; (3β,5β,6β,14R)-3,6,14-Trihydroxygrayan-10(20)-en-6-yl acetate
EINECS	Contact for details

Quality Control

Every batch of Grayanotoxin Ii is manufactured and analyzed under strict quality management systems. Our products undergo rigorous identity, purity, and strength testing using advanced analytical techniques including HPLC, NMR, and MS to ensure compliance with research and reference standard requirements. A comprehensive Certificate of Analysis (COA) detailing all test results and specifications is provided with each shipment.

Storage

Preserve in a tightly closed container, protected from light. Store at controlled room temperature (15-25°C) in a dry environment. For long-term storage, consider storing at 2-8°C. Handle with appropriate personal protective equipment in a well-ventilated laboratory setting.

Specification

Item	Specification
Appearance	White to off-white crystalline powder
Identification (IR)	Conforms to structure
Identification (HPLC)	Retention time matches reference standard
Purity (HPLC)	≥ 95.0%
Water Content (KF)	≤ 2.0%
Residue on Ignition	≤ 0.5%

Note: Specifications can be tailored. Please contact us for the detailed technical data sheet of a specific grade.