Prostaglandins

Prostaglandins are lipid-derived signaling molecules used as APIs for reproductive medicine, cardiovascular therapy, ophthalmology, and gastrointestinal regulation. They act through G-protein–coupled receptors to mediate smooth muscle contraction, inflammation, vasodilation, and hormone secretion. Pharmaceutical prostaglandins include PGE, PGF, and PGI analogs, applied in labor induction, glaucoma treatment, gastric protection, and management of erectile or uterine dysfunction. Their strong physiological potency requires precise dosing and controlled delivery systems such as injectables, ophthalmic preparations, and sustained-release formulations. Owing to their broad therapeutic importance, prostaglandins remain foundational agents in multiple therapeutic fields.