Description

1,1'-Bis[3-(Trimethylammonio)Propyl]-4,4'-Bipyridinium Tetrachloride Dihydrate is a quaternary ammonium salt derivative of 4,4'-bipyridine, widely recognized as a viologen compound. This material is valued for its strong redox-active properties and its ability to act as an electron transfer mediator in various advanced chemical systems. It is primarily utilized by researchers and manufacturers in the fields of electrochemistry, materials science, and as a key component in the synthesis of functional polymers and supramolecular assemblies.

Application

• Electrochromic Devices: As a critical viologen for smart windows, displays, and mirrors due to its reversible color change upon reduction.
• Molecular Electronics: Serving as a building block for molecular wires, switches, and components in nano-electronic circuits.
• Energy Storage Research: Investigation as an organic active material or redox mediator in next-generation batteries and supercapacitors.
• Supramolecular Chemistry: Used in the construction of host-guest complexes, molecular machines, and self-assembled monolayers.
• Polymer Synthesis: Acting as a monomer or cross-linking agent for creating electroactive and stimuli-responsive polymers.
• Analytical Chemistry: Application as an electron transfer catalyst or indicator in certain electrochemical sensors and assays.
• Photocatalysis: Research into its role in photo-induced electron transfer processes for solar energy conversion.
• Biochemical Studies: Potential use in probing electron transfer pathways in biological systems.

Basic Information

Item	Details
Product Name	1,1'-Bis[3-(Trimethylammonio)Propyl]-4,4'-Bipyridinium Tetrachloride Dihydrate
CAS No.	108228-37-1
Molecular Formula	C22H42Cl4N4O2
Molecular Weight	548.41 g/mol
Synonyms	1,1'-Bis(3-trimethylammoniopropyl)-4,4'-bipyridinium tetrachloride dihydrate; Propylviologen tetrachloride dihydrate; N,N'-Bis(3-trimethylammoniopropyl)-4,4'-bipyridinium dichloride dihydrate (common misnomer); Viologen derivative; Bipyridinium salt; Methyl Viologen analog; PQTV (Propyl Quaternary Tetrachloride Viologen); Contact for additional trade names.
EINECS	Contact for details

Quality Control

Our 1,1'-Bis[3-(Trimethylammonio)Propyl]-4,4'-Bipyridinium Tetrachloride Dihydrate is produced under controlled conditions to ensure batch-to-batch consistency and high purity. Each lot undergoes rigorous analytical testing, including HPLC for purity, NMR for structural confirmation, and elemental analysis. A comprehensive Certificate of Analysis (COA) detailing all test results is provided with every shipment to support your research and quality assurance protocols.

Storage

Preserve in a tightly closed container, protected from light. Store in a cool, dry place at room temperature (15-25°C). This compound is hygroscopic (moisture-sensitive) and should be handled in a dry environment to prevent degradation. Keep the container tightly sealed when not in use.

Specification

Item	Specification
Appearance	Yellow to orange crystalline powder
Identification (IR)	Conforms to structure
Purity (HPLC)	≥ 97.0%
Water Content (KF)	5.0 - 7.5% (corresponding to dihydrate)
Residue on Ignition	≤ 0.1%
Heavy Metals (as Pb)	≤ 20 ppm

Note: Specifications can be tailored. Please contact us for the detailed technical data sheet of a specific grade.